PCEs Are adsorbed onto the surface of cement particles as a result of their negatively charged anchoring groups (which include carboxyl groups) to kind a thicker adsorption layer, building electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance, thereby enhancing the flowability on the cement slurry. Lignosulfonates or sulfonated lignins are water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte https://paxtonlnlki.theobloggers.com/44080789/detailed-notes-on-prestressed-concrete-means