Abstract Space charge layers (SCLs) formed at grain boundaries (GBs) are considered to critically influence the properties of polycrystalline materials such as ion conductivities. Despite the extensive researches on this issue. the presence of GB SCLs and their relationship with GB orientations. atomic-scale structures and impurity/solute segregation behaviors remain controversial. https://www.roneverhart.com/ESP-LTD-SD-2-Sammy-Duet-Signature-Model-Electric-Guitar-Black-p20045/